Shkarevsky Denis Nikolaevich, Ph. D. in History, Associate Professor of the Theory and History of State and Law, Institute of State and Law of «Surgut State University» 628400, Surgut, Lenin Str. 1. Е-mail: shkarden@ mail.ru

The article is devoted extremely important and poorly understood topic — management of the Special Soviet courts, which include rail and water transport linear courts. In the literature is dominated by the view that the creation and management of special courts passed quietly, without any excesses. New documents at the disposal of the author allow to take another look on this state and legal process. The article describes the struggle for control and influence on the transport authorities Justice between the regional and central government, as well as between the Prosecutor's Office of the USSR and the People's Commissariat of Water Transport of the USSR.